Sony DVgate Manual

Frame: A frame of image displayed on the screen. DVgate Motion allows you to capture, cut, splice, and record images in 1-frame units. A 1-second duration of NTSC format video consists of approximately 30 frames, while a 1-second duration of PAL format video consists of 25 frames.
IN point: The frame at which a video starts is referred to as the IN point. In DVgate Motion, the first frame of the scene you want to capture is called the IN point.
OUT point: The frame at which a video ends, specifically the frame after the last frame of a video sequence, is called the OUT point. In DVgate Motion, the OUT point is the following frame after the frame where you want to end capturing.
BEGIN point: The frame at which a video image begins. In DVgate Assemble, the first frame of a video sequence to be cut out for splicing is called the BEGIN point.
END point: The frame at which a video sequence ends is called the END point.
Time code: The system to refer to positions on a tape in the "hour:minute:second:frame" format (1 frame = approx. 1/30 seconds). 1 frame corresponds to 1 unit of image. The Time Code is reset to 0 if an unrecorded part is detected in the middle of the tape.
Drop-frame type: A method for compensating the discrepancy between the Time Code's definition of 30 frames/second and the NTSC video signal that has 29.97 frames per second.
This compensation is achieved by starting to count frames at 02 when a new minute begins. However, frame counting starts at 00 when the minute value is a multiple of 10.
AVI (file): AVI is an acronym for Audio Video Interleaved, which is a file format created by Microsoft for playing movies in Windows. The file extension is ".avi". For AVI 1.0, the maximum file size is 2 Gbytes, while AVI 2.0 supports file sizes larger than 2 Gbytes.

Note
DVgate Motion and DVgate Assemble can read AVI 2.0 files, but only AVI 1.0 files are output.
MPEG (file): Stands for Motion Picture Experts Group. The word MPEG is used to refer to its technology of compressing digital video files as well as the compressed files themselves. MPEG allows you to compress color video and sound at high ratios.
DV format: A storage format for images compressed using the same algorithm as that used by DV-type digital videos. One still image file (720 x 480 pixels; 16,770,000 colors) can be compressed into approximately 120K bytes.
DV CODEC AVI: Refers to AVIs compressed in the DV format. AVIs can be compressed in many formats, but DVgate Assemble can only work with files compressed in the DV format.
Lost frame: The phenomenon whereby some frames are lost while the video is being captured from the DV device. This happens when capturing cannot catch up with the play speed on the DV device due to a heavy load on the CPU or the hard disk.
Frame duplication: The phenomenon where the same frame is recorded repeatedly while the movie is being recorded on a DV device. This happens when the speed of sending video from the computer via DVgate Motion cannot catch up with the recording speed of the DV device due to a heavy load on the CPU or the hard disk.
Sound mode: The mode for recording sound. DV systems have two sound modes. In the 12-bit mode, two types of stereo sounds, i.e., Stereo1 (sound generated during recording) and Stereo2 (post-recording sound) are recorded. In the 16-bit mode, one track of high-quality stereo sound is recorded though no post-recording sound can be added after recording.
Record mode: There are two record modes: SP mode and LP mode. The recording duration of the LP (long) mode is one and a half times longer than that of the SP (standard) mode.
Sampling rate: The number of times that sampling occurs in one second during conversion from analog data, such as sound data, to digital data. For example, if sampling occurs 22,000 times in one second, the sampling frequency is 22 kHz. The higher the sampling frequency is, the better the sound quality, but the larger the file.
Number of bits: Data in computers is represented in the binary system, with the numbers "0" and "1." Each digit of the binary system is called a bit. The number of bits refers to the number of digits in the binary number. Basically, larger numbers of bits can handle larger amounts of information.
Start/End Point: In DVgate Motion, a start/end point refers to several things related to the tape mounted on a DV device. They are the start point of recording, the end point of a video sequence recorded over previously recorded images, and the boundary point between a recorded segment and an unrecorded segment of the tape.

Glossary

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